Direct sow parsnip seeds outdoors from March and April to produce quality roots with less risk of canker disease. Avoid sowing in cold or wet soils. Sow parsnip seeds thinly at a depth of 2cm in drills 30cm apart. Germination is slow and may take up to 28 days, or longer. When large enough to handle, thin out the seedlings within each row to 7cm apart or 10cm apart if larger roots are preferred.

Parsnips can be started in modules in a greenhouse in February. However, they are susceptible to transplant shock. Even the smallest amount of root disturbance needs to be avoided, which is why most gardeners choose to direct sow their parsnip seeds. Toilet roll tubes are great for avoiding transplant shock as you can plant them and they will decompose.

Grow parsnips in a sunny position in stone-free, well prepared soil that has been deeply cultivated. Parsnips prefer a fertile, light, well drained soil, which has been manured for a previous crop.